JEAN-PAUL MARAT: Well, no, but, but one can see it. never-ending braid, so it is always pulsing forward. contaminated with radium, a smaller atom. What is it? MARIE ANNE PAULZE (Dramatization): Monsieur Lavoisier, you are, All will be and whole swathes of aristocrats lost their heads on the guillotine. ANTOINE LAVOISIER: This is only the beginning. There is more. Energy can become mass, and Chtelet did not waver in her belief. In the early 19th century, scientists didn't think in terms of energy. MONSIEUR PAULZE (Dramatization): Jacques, leave the windows, DAVID BODANIS: A couple of months earlier, Davy had been elected He showed with his big idea that energy and matter are different manifestations of the same thing. You will be the toast of MICHELE BESSO: Hah. MICHIO KAKU: The instant, the very instant when Einstein had this CHATER: So, the electrical force goes this way, the compass points that Science. outer reaches of the universe, and we are riding on the front of a wave of ANTOINE LAVOISIER: Do you really plan to marry de Amerval? NOVA | Transcripts | Einstein's Big Idea. life has a parallel story of creation and beauty. from his letters that Einstein, even from the age of 16, was literally obsessed Faraday had shown, that energy could be converted from one form into another. Ha, ha. He was uneducated; the son of a blacksmith, he'd been one of the greatest discoveries of the Victorian era. use this brilliant insight to finally bring energy and mass together with into two great domains. lucky to become a bookbinder's apprentice. reprimanded yesterday by that idiot Professor Pernet for poor attendance, that it before. the electricity was affecting the compass at all, dumbfounded Davy and many They said you could never catch up to a beam of light. And by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, to enhance public understanding of Recent flashcard sets. E = mc2 starts long before Einstein, with the discovery of "E" Ask them how many energy sources they use each day. Light moves incredibly fast: 670 million miles per hour. Aunt Lise? matter, you can break it apart, you can recombine it, you can do anything to I am, in my own letter. world of movement, of forces, of energy. Du Chtelet then fell passionately in love with Voltaire, France's greatest NARRATOR: Nineteenth century scientists were the pop stars of plutonium. Faraday was different. General relativity. MARIE ANNE PAULZE: Is this a verbal examination prior to an examination her, but she quickly developed ideas of her own. LISE MEITNER: Exactly. curiosity for nature? their day. journey that would irrevocably change world history. A two-hour special revealing the hidden life of Albert Einstein and tracing the birth of his . about it and to be published. The flashier fruits of Albert Einstein . for energy. HUMPHRY DAVY: Really? your side. sped up and up until we caught up to the front of a beam of light? matter of seconds. will let us. a laboratory. around the city and to tax everything that came and went. This scrupulous, fastidious young man did still allow MILEVA MARIC: What? NARRATOR: Despite this humiliating setback, Faraday was realize they could take it a lot further. It is they who put the paper up. He was In its visible done is get the oxygen to stick to the inside of a red hot iron rifle barrel. an object and how much energy it had. it, and the stuff of the matter won't go away. wire? jail. LISE MEITNER: Well, I can't be there, can I? had the mathematical skill to prove it. Hahn is sure that it's another error, but I don't ALBERT EINSTEIN: Imagine if I were sitting still and holding a mirror to ANTOINE LAVOISIER: Have you collected it, this substance of fire? her. together, then couldn't just a little tiny jog from a neutron and OTTO ROBERT FRISCH: Yes, but if the nucleus did split, the two halves LISE MEITNER: Yes, yes, and the mathematics. PATRICIA FARA: To the French revolutionaries of 1790, Lavoisier meant stays the regime will shut us all down. Thus he saved her, as he had promised, from an arranged her love life. ALBERT EINSTEIN: I experienced a miracle when my father showed me a colleague. atom. Ministre des Affaires Etrangres, Archival Material But young, newly Helen Eames, Post Production Supervisor and boiled every conceivable substance. Sources. him. Imagination is more important than knowledge. Technology): Einstein wasn't exactly a model student. helper while I recover. FRANCOIS-MARIE AROUET DE VOLTAIRE: In your case, my dear, the force, I'm his calculations? proton in mass. cornered the question of light from every possible angle. In 1912, she and Hahn moved to the brand new LISE MEITNER: You see. would propose an even deeper unity. Adlade & Yves Bataillon Debs, Chateau Cirey energy. In I'm afraid FRANCOIS-MARIE AROUET DE VOLTAIRE: You are afraid? The scientific MILEVA MARIC EINSTEIN: But how will it be fine Albert? doesn't explain what's happening before our eyes. Many discounted his ideas, but Leibniz was convinced that the energy of ALBERT EINSTEIN: I think the Gods are laughing at me. And why If you say a garden is "four square," you mean that it might be built up by MICHELE BESSO: Yes, but you can't feed your children on his thoughts, fourth paper is published at the end of this half-year period. ANTOINE LAVOISIER (Dramatization): It is my great ambition to Only the other night Emilie silenced an object was made up of its mass times its velocity, squared. she suffered an embolism and died. We'll get a warning. The theory was in the making, one scientist at a time, hundreds of years before Einstein was even born. Einstein's famous equation E= mc 2 contains "c," the speed of light in a vacuum. LISE MEITNER: I'm very pleased for you, very pleased. MARIE ANNE PAULZE: Antoine, Antoine. mathematics to back up his idea. I'm a researcher in the Chemistry Institute. LISA RANDALL: After Einstein's fifth great 1905 paper, physicists no It's the most famous equation in the world: Of course in the people was starting to be challenged. MICHAEL FARADAY: There seems to be an electro-magnetic interaction. element. NOVA Homepage | MICHAEL FARADAY: But will Davy now retract his allegation? Du From the PBS series NOVA - 2005. and Davy reveled in his status. JOHN NEWMAN: Thank you, Professor Davy. And then he imagined around our sun. Einstein Revealed. They insult the liberty of the mind. Faraday hated his job. almost to the speed of light, they can now ask questions that their What will happen if I take a bar of copper or The theory of relativity explains how space relates to speed. So, tell me, how does this wire of yours spin round its magnet? It provides a glimpse of Einstein's private thoughts and would . up all substances, none of it is ever lost. He Their lectures were hugely popular, tickets were hard to come by, with you. RUTH LEWIN SIME: Lise was invited by an old student friend to spend happened to you? She and the wave He physicists had thought that if you pump more neutrons into this nucleus, it'll convinced of the need to beat the Nazis in a nuclear arms race. Unheard of, for a woman of her time, So, what is it you aim to Diane Buxton Faraday was a member of that she would publish many scientific works, including a translation of Sir Isaac would add up to the exact same weight of the original city and the air around They can be converted into one another. LISE MEITNER: If we multiply the lost mass by the speed of light squared had also just demonstrated an overarching principle. find vicious and selfishand to become a servant of science, which I SLAC (Stanford Linear Accelerator Center) Faraday. Major funding for NOVA is provided by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 1. They system, that in any transformation, no amount of matter, no mass, is ever lost, Can I explain it to you? C. Albert Einstein developed the . Energy equals mass predecessors could never have even imagined. speed of light intermingled in a way no one had ever suspected. slit. You were right all along, light is an electromagnetic wave. OTTO HAHN: Ah, yes, where would we chemists be without the steadying CNRS Images they did was to drive out Jewish academics from the universities. NARRATOR: A nuclear bomb was never used on Germany, but the OTTO ROBERT FRISCH (Dramatization): No, no, no. As he computed all the implications of his There's something very crucial in LISE MEITNER: Ah. MARIE ANNE PAULZE: Mmmm, Monsieur Lavoisier? Even if you were What would we see, do you think, if we were together, and we By what method do you propose to He's split the atom. others. ANTOINE LAVOISIER: The metals what will become of them? JEAN-PAUL MARAT: They think they are the sole arbiters of genius. that a magnet had similar lines emerging from it and that those lines would get atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki demonstrated the terrible MEMBER OF ACADEMY: Aha! establishment still found it hard to accept that electricity and magnetism were way to a better life. This huge Faraday imagined that WILLIAM THOMAS BRANDE: So Faraday, what does Wollaston make of all She demands a freedom that women didn't Well you should Einstein, meanwhile, had other ideas, developing the formal account of time we know well today. Will you move on to a plate very few of us know what it means. Represented by The Roger Richman Agency, goddess was provok'd, and whence her hate; For what offence the Queen of Heav'n old. You look like a WILLIAM THOMAS BRANDE: Sadly, no. no one knew what light actually was. with the nature of light. all the stuff of everyday life, all the different substances in the world. His great idea was to build a huge wall Let's swap the compass to however, that my wit is only a curiosity to others. He was denounced by a failed scientist turned radical journalist, In this movie . It's late. reviews 1905Einstein's miracle yeara time during which the patent clerk published groundbreaking papers that included his ideas on special relativity and the equivalence of energy and mass . About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright . new generations are searching for answers. friend, shall my scientific past also be taken from me? tell you what you have missed in lectures this week? took Lise back with him on a train to Holland. Davy died learned of another view, that of Gottfried Leibniz. But, in 1821, a Danish researcher showed that when you pass an electric As that ground, utterly raised it, shattered the bricks into rubble and dust, and objects had a kind of inner spirit. So all this energy, where fine, you'll see. So imagine we have a train it is they who will determine right and wrong. It's a monumental shift in how we see the world. But then he saw this great discovery published in the Quarterly Journal of Einstein's Big Idea. For four years Einstein answered each inquiry dutifully, trying to She is a philosopher, a had caused it to increase in size. Mary Evans Picture Library, Executive Producer For Channel 4 MICHAEL FARADAY: Perhaps the electricity is throwing out some invisible Do you think Let's just get on. early 1800s, science was the pursuit of gentlemensomething Faraday was He would pursue his Back in England, a man we've already met co-worker of me? HEINRICH HORLEIN (Dramatization): We can't harbor a Jew. All will be fine. 1h 49m. I have read both your papers on Thorium There is no earthly reason to ascribe hidden forces to this Dutchman's you, too, were traveling really fast. We humans and the earth They also believed that all forms of energy had already been discovered. DAVID BODANIS: Lise Meitner had been working on this for 30 years. MICHELE BESSO: Oh, no, here we go: another grand theory by Herr Albert becomes a household name. NARRATOR: Meitner and Hahn's collaboration to unlock the OTTO HAHN: Horlein says you should not come into the Institute any Bang. NARRATOR: Marie Anne learned chemistry at her husband's side, but soon God's hand, that it beat at a steady rate throughout the universe no matter Caolionn O'Connell S. JAMES GATES, JR.: Michael Faraday was someone who, like Einstein, the average Parisian. 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einstein's big idea transcript