The first unit is a pulsive call ranging 19.8 to 43.5 Hz, lasting 17.9 ± 5.2 s. The second unit is a FM upsweep 55.9 to 72.4 Hz lasting 13.8 ± 1.1 s. The final unit is a long (28.5 ± 1.6 s) tone that sweeps from 108 to 104.7 Hz. It was hunted almost to the point of extinction by whaling until the International Whaling Commission banned all hunting of blue whales in 1967.
[140][141] However, the Sri Lanka call has not been detected west of Sri Lanka, and there is another call type in the western North Indian Ocean, off Oman and north-western Madagascar, termed the Oman call[142] suggesting a central Indian Ocean population. [15][105] There is a 6–8 month weaning period until the calf is 53 ft (16 m) in length.[15][5][105][195][206][210][211]. [18][55][306] A summer shipboard survey in 1987 resulted in a maximum estimate of 442 blue whales off Iceland. [185][189] They can consume 34,776–1,912,680 kJ (~480,000 kilocalories) from one mouthful of krill, which can provide up to 240 times more energy than used in a single lunge. [28] Prior to the development of ear plugs as an ageing method, layers in baleen plates were used, but these wear down and are not a reliable measure. Best[133] suggest a minimum abundance of 424 (CV=0.42) pygmy blue whales on the Madagascar Plateau, or 472 (CV=0.48). [184] The water is then squeezed out through their baleen plates with pressure from the ventral pouch and tongue, and the remaining krill are swallowed. In 1955 they were given complete protection in the North Atlantic under the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling; this protection was extended to the Antarctic in 1965 and the North Pacific in 1966. [241] The correlation between song types and genetic subdivisions is unknown, but song types are currently used as the primary method of separating blue whale populations because they are stable in shape over multiple decades for each region. The blue whale diet consists almost exclusively of euphausiids (krill). This population produces long-duration, low frequency pulses (“A”) and tonal calls (“B”), upswept tones that precede type B calls (“C”), moderate-duration downswept tones (“D”), and variable amplitude-modulated and frequency-modulated sounds. Other accidental or opportunistic consumption of copepods and amphipods have been documented. What do dwarf sperm whales look like? Hybridization between blue and fin whales has been documented across multiple ocean basins.
[240] Blue whale song types were initially divided into nine song types,[65] although ongoing research suggests at least 13 song types.
[195][206] Mating is thought to occur fall through winter. [79] There is no abundance estimate for overall pygmy blue whale abundance, which includes the Madagascar population, Western Australia/Indonesia population, and Eastern Australia/New Zealand population. [80], Pygmy subspecies (B. m. brevicauda) – Western Australia/Indonesia population: This population feeds in Perth Canyon off Western Australia[75] and between the Great Australian Bight and Bass Strait off South Australia and Victoria[73][137] in the summer before migrating to waters off Indonesia to breed in the winter.
[290] The International Whaling Commission catch database estimates that 382,595 blue whales were caught between 1868 and 1978, including 7,973 in the North Pacific (2.09%), 10,442 in the North Atlantic (2.73%), 5,383 in the South Pacific (1.41%), and in the Southern Ocean, 13,022 pygmy blue whales (3.40%) and 345,775 Antarctic blue whales (90.40%). [209], For Antarctic blue whales, a single calf is born at 23 ft (7 m) in length and weighs 2.8-3 tons (2540–2722 kg).
The reported take of all North Pacific blue whales by commercial whalers totaled 9,773 between 1905 and 1977.[277].
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